Pneumatic tool.



\ 110.7%,221. Y PATENTED APR.21,1903.

' 0. H. HAESELER.

PNBUMATIG TOOL.

, APPLICATION FILED 00111, 1902.

no MODEL; 7 w 9 SHBETs-snnnT 1 "(ml ron v v By ATTOPIIEKS UNITE STATES P TENT OFFicE.

CHARLES H. HAESELER, OF EASTON, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO THE HAESELER-INGERSOLL PNEUMATIC TOOL COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF WEST VIRGINIA.

PNEUMATIC TO OL.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 726,221, dated April 21, 1903. Application filed October 11, 1902. Serial No. 126,904. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CHARLES H. IIAESELEIR,

a citizen of the United States, residing at Easton, county of Northamptomand State of- Pennsylvania, have invented a new and usefullmprovement in Pneumatic Tools,of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification. My invention consists of a new and improved construction of valve for controlling the operation of the piston in pneumatic tools, and, further, in the arrangement of.

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of valve. Fig. 4 is a perspective view of valve-casing. Fig. 5

is a perspective view of top of cylinder or barrel. Figs. 6, 7, 8, and 9 are longitudinal sectional diagrams illustrating respective positions of piston and valve and the ports and passages through which they communicate with the supply and exhaust throughout the cycle of movement of the moving parts, the valve being shown at right angles to its actual position for convenience of illustration. Fig. 10 is a view similar to Fig. 6 of a somewhat-modified form of construction.

The tool in general is made up of the following parts: the cylinder or barrel A, in which is formed the piston-chamber A, open at the top, having the piston B therein. Interposed between the handle 0 and the cylinder A is the valve mechanism, composed of the valve casing or chamber D, valve E, and valve trunnion and cover F. The handle 0 is of any desired type and is secured to the threaded end a; of the cylinder A, holding the valve mechanism in position. The valve trunnion and cover F has the openings fff' through its top into the valve-casing and in constant communication with the air-pressure supply and also has the projecting trunnionf also the openings f f" to register with the dowel or steady pins 01 d" in valvecasing D. The valve E is composed of the central bearing e, adapted to surround the trunnion f and the projections e from the chambers e e in the interior of the valve, which chambers are in constant communica' tion with the piston-chamber A. In the walls of each of the chambers e e are the openings e 8 The wall of the valve has also the cut-away portions 2 e on opposite sides of the valve. The exterior of the valve has also the projecting valve-pistons e e, the valve-piston 6 being of greater'area than the valve-piston 6 The valve-piston e rests in the cut-away portion m of the valve-casing D, having at one end the orifice d through the wall of the casing to the atmosphere and at the other end the orifice (1 through the bottom. The valve-piston e rests in the cut-away portion 01 in the valve-casing, one end of which is in alinement with the orifice f in the cover F, and the other end is in communication with the orifice 01 through the valve-casing to the atmosphere. In the valve-casing D are the vertical passages 61 01 one on each side of the valve -'casing, which passages are both open to the interior of the valve-casing. One of these passages is closed at the bottom and the other one is constantly in communication with the passage a in the cylinder. The cap or cover F is held in proper position by the dowel-pins d d. When the cover F is in position, the passages d (i register with the openings f f. d d are vertical passages in valve-casing open to the interior of the valvecasing and also extending through the bottom of the casing and in constantcommunication withthe passages a a in the cylinder. In the walls of the casing D are the orifices 61 (i one on each side, through the casing to the atmosphere and also the orifices d (1 through the casing to the atmosphere. The 5 passages d d register with the vertical passages a a in the cylinder or barrel, which through the ports a a open into the bottom of the pistonchamber A. The orifice d registers with the passage a in the cylinder, 10o.

which passage through port a opens into the piston-chamber about midway of its length. of is a passage in the cylinder opening by port a into the piston-chamber opposite port a and in constant connection with the airpressure supply, and 0. is a passage in the cylinder communicating with passage (Z in valve-casing and thence opening into the atmosphere. The piston B has the cut-away portion 1), forming an annular groove.

The operation is as follows: With the tool in the position shown in Fig. 6 the valvepiston c is cut off from air-supply and open to exhaust, while the valve-piston e under constant air-pressure, holds the valve in the position shown. The air, through the, openings ff, passes into the openings d d and thence to the interior of the valve-casing and thence through the orifices e e into the chambers c e and from thence to the top of the piston-chamber, driving the piston down, the air below the piston exhausting out through passages on and (Z passages a a, cut-away portion (2 of valve, exhaust-outlet (1 The piston moves down until the annular groove 1) comes opposite ports a and a (see Fig. 7,) when air in passage (1 which passage is in constant connection with the pressure-supply, will flow around annular groove 1) in piston and thence through the port a and passage a to the valve-piston e, which valve-piston being of greater area than the valve-piston c the valve will shift to position shown in Fig. 7. The momentum of the piston will carryit to the position shown in Fig. 8. Under these conditions the openings 6 6 will register with the exhaust-passages (l d and the air in valve-chambers e e and top of the piston-chamberwillexhaust. Liveairisthen admitted to the lower end of piston-chamber A through passages (1 (1 through the valvecase passages 6 0 through passages ea in the cyliinler, and port a a to the piston-chamber. The piston will then ascend until the annular groove b passes above the ports a and a and the lower end of the piston above passages (L12 and a when the air from passage (1 will exhaust, Fig. 8. The pressure being thus cut off from the valve-piston e of greater area, the constant pressure upon the other piston, 0 will act at once, moving the valve to its initial position, and the inertia of the piston will carry it to its original position, Fig. (3. This completes the cycle of operation.

The construction of the valve mechanism, in combinationwith the layout of the ports and passages as described, produces regular and complete action of both valve and piston in the performance of their respective functions. The valve moves on its axis, and bein; mounted upon a bearing or trunnion the axis maintains a fixed position or constant center. The air-pressure or motive fluid being simultaneously admitted to and simultaneously exhausted from the interior of the valve by the supply and exhaust passages through the valve and located diametrically opposite to each other in the valve, the pressure all around the valve is equal at all times, resulting in the valve being balanced, and thereby preventing any pressure of the valve against the trunnion, and as the movement 'of the valve around the trunnion is very slight the wear upon the trunnion is reduced to a minimum amount and practically is inconsiderable, thus insuring great durability and uniform action of the valve.

In the modification shown in Fig. 10 the passages a a are omitted. Moreover, the piston is not provided with the annular groove. The only difference in operation relates to the specific means of admission of motive fluid to and exhaust from the valve-piston of greater area. In the construction shown in Fig. 10 when the piston in its down ward travel passes below the piston-chamber,opening port a",the air behind the piston passes up through the passage a shifting the valve and admitting air to the bottom of the piston-chamber. When the piston in its upward travel passes beyond the port a the air passes from passage a through piston-chamber and thence exhausting through passage a relieving the pressure on the valve-piston of greater area, and the constant pressure on the valve-piston of lesser area shifts the valve, admitting air to the top of the piston-chamber, as described with reference to the preceding figures.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim, and desire to protect by Letters Patent, is

1. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case provided with a piston-chamber and piston therein, a valve-case, an axial valve therein having chambers on opposite sides of its axis, openings extending from each of said chambers to the exterior of the valve and ports and passages leading from the pressuresnpply and adapted in one position of the valve to register with said openings in the valve.

2. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case provided with a piston-chamber and piston therein, a valve-case, an axial valve therein, having chambers on opposite sides of its axis, openings extending from each of said chambers to the exterior of the valve, ports and passages leading from the pressure-supply, ports and passages leading to the exhaust, the openings in the valve in one position registering with pressure ports and passages and in the other position with the exhaust ports and passages.

3. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case provided with a piston-chamber and piston therein, a valve-case, an axial valve therein having chambers on opposite sides of its axis, openings extending from each of said chambers to the exterior of the valve and ports and passages leading from the pressure-supply and adapted in one position of the valve to register with said openings in the valve, there being a constant communication between both valve-chambers and the:

piston-chamber.

4; In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case provided with a piston-chamber and piston therein, a valve-case, an axial valve therein having chambers on opposite sides of its axis, openings extending from each of said chambers to the exterior of the valve, ports and passages leading from the pressure-sup-' passages, there being a constant communication between both valve-chambers and the piston-chamber.

5. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of! a case, provided with a piston-chamber and piston therein, a valve-case having pressure passage or passages leading to the interior thereof on opposite sides Thereof, an axial valve in said valve-case, passages leading from opposite sides of the valve-case to the same portion of the piston-chamber, cut-away portions on opposite sides of the exterior of said valve adapted in one position of the valve reconnect the pressure-passage on each side with its corresponding passage to the pistonchamber,

6. In a pneumatic tool, thecombination of a case provided with a piston-chamber and piston therein, a valve-case having pressure passage or passages leading to the interior thereof on opposite sides thereof, an axial valve in said valvecase, passages leading from opposite sides of the valve-case to the piston-chamber, cut-away portions on opposite sides of said valve adapted in one position of the valve to connect the pressure-passage on each side with its corresponding passage to the piston-chamber.

7. In a pneumatic tool,.the combination of a case provided with a piston-chamber and piston therein, a valve-case having an exhaust passage or passages leading to the interior thereof on opposite sides thereof, an axial valve in said valve-case,passages leading from opposite sides of the valve-case to the pistonchamber, cut-away portions on opposite sides of said valve adapted in one position of the valve to connect the exhaust-passage on each side with its corresponding passage to the piston-chamber.

8. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case, provided with a piston chamber and. piston therein, a valve-case having pressure passage or passages leading to the interior thereof on opposite sides thereof, an exhaust passage or passages to the interior thereof on opposite sides thereof, an axial valve in said valve-case, passages leading from opposite sides of the valve-case to the piston-chamber,

cut-away portions on opposite sides of said chamber and in theother position to connect said piston-chamber passage on each side with its corresponding exhaust-passage.

9. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case provided with a piston-chamber and piston therein, a valve-casehaving pressure passage Orpassages leading to theinterior thereof, an axial valve in said valve-case, having an internal chamber, connection be'-' tween the piston-chamber and said valve chamber, openings from said chamber to the exterior of the valve, a passage leading from the valve-casing to the piston-chamber, the valve being provided with a cu t-away portion; in one'position of the valve, the pressure-passage registering with the openingsin the valve and in the other position the cut-away portion connecting the pressure-passage with the valve-case passage leading to. the piston chamber.

' 10. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case provided with a piston-chamber and piston therein, a valve-case having pressure pas-' sage or passages leading to the interior thereof, an exhaust passage or. passages to the interior thereof, an axial valve in said valve-case having an internal chamber, connection between said chamber and the piston-chamber, open-' ings'from said chamber to the exterior of the valve, a passage leading from the valve-case to the piston-chamber, the valve being pro vided with a cut-away portion; in one posi-' tion of the valve, the pressure-passage registering with'the openings in the valve and the cut-away portion of thevalve connecting the exhaust with the valve-casing passage leading to the piston-chamber and in the other position of the valve,the exhaust-passage reg istering with the openings in the valve and I the cut away portion of the valve connecting Z the pressure-passage with the valve-case pas-'f sage leading to the piston-chamber.

'11, In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case provided with a piston-chamber and piston therein, a valve-casev having pressure-r passages leading to the interior thereof on opposite sides thereof, an axialvalve in. said case having separate internal chambers on opposite sides of its axis, connection between the piston-chamber andsaid valvezchambers,

openings from each'of said chambers to the cut-away portion of the valve eonn ectingthe corresponding pressure-passage with the corresponding valve-case piston-chamber passage. 7

12. In a pneumatic tool, the combination of a case provided with a pistonrchamber and" piston therein, avalve-case having pressuree passages leadingto the interior thereof on'opposite sides thereof, an exhaust passage or passages to the interior thereof on opposite sides thereof, an axial valve in said case having separate internal chambers on opposite sides of its axis, connection between the piston-chamber and said valve-chambers, openings from each of said. chambers to the exterior of the valve, passages from opposite sides of said valve-case to the piston-chamber, cut-away portions on opposite sides of said valve; in one position of the valve, the openings from each valve-chamber registering with its corresponding pressure-passage and the cut-away portions of the valve conmeeting the corresponding exhaustpassage with its corresponding valvecase pistonchamber passage and in the other position of the valve the openings from each valve-chamber registering with its corresponding exhaust-passage and the cut-away portions of the valve connecting the corresponding pressure-passages with the corresponding valvecase piston-chamber passage.

13. Inapneumatictool,incombinationwith a piston chamber and piston therein, of a valve-casing, an axial valve therein, said valve having on opposite sides valve-pistons of different pressure areas, cut-away portions in the valvecasing forming chambers in which said valve-pistons move,exhaust-openings leading from one end of each of said valve-piston chambers, a constant pressuresupply on the face of the valve-piston of smaller area opposite the exhaust, a passage leading from the face of the valve-piston of greater area to the piston-chamber, a source of pressure-supply leading to the piston-chamher and an exhaust from the piston-chamber; in one position of the piston, the passage from the valve-piston to the piston-chamber being connected to the pressure-passage and in another position with the exhaust.

14:. Inapneumatictool,incombinationwith a case having a piston-chamber and piston therein, of an axial valve having separate internal chambers on opposite sides of its axis in communication with the piston-chamber and adapted in its movement to admit pressure to both chambers simultaneously.

15. In a pneumatic too1,in combination with a case having a piston-chamber and piston therein, of an axial valve having separate internal chambers on opposite sides of its axis and adapted in its movement to admit pressure to, and exhaust pressure from, both chambers simultaneously.

16. In a pneumatic tool,in combination with a case having a piston-chamber and piston therein, of an axial valve having separate internal chambers on opposite sides of its axis, in communication with the piston-chamber and adapted in its movement to exhaust pressure from both chambers simultaneously.

17. In a pneumatic tool, an axial valve having separate internal chambers on opposite sides of its axis and provided with an axial bore or bearingin combination with a trunnion or shaft in axial alinement with said valve and adapted to enter and rest in said axial bore or hearing.

In testimony of which invention I have hereunto set my hand, at Philadelphia, on this 17th day of September, 1902.

CHARLES H. I-IAESELER. tVitnesses:

A. H. TAYLOR, CHAS. COBB VAN RIPER. 

